Machine for automatic forming and delivery of ice cream



Nov. 15, "R, H|RSCH5QN 2,136,505

MACHINE FOR AUTOMATIC FORMING A ND DELIVERY OF ICE VCREAM Nov. y15,1938..A RHIRSCHSQN I 'MACHINE FOR AUTOMATIC FORMING AND DELIVERY OF ICECREAM 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 2o, 195e F1192 cx NOV. 15, 1938.RfHLRSCHSON l 2,136,505

MACHINE FOR AUTOMATIC FORMINGffANDDELIVERY OF ICECREAM Filed May 20,1936 4 sheets-sheet s bl O 'Nov. 1 5, 19381 A lat HlRscHsoN 2,136,505MACHINE FOR AUTOMATIC FORMING AND DELIVERY OF ICE CREAM Filed May 20,1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Maz Patented Nov. 15, 1938 PATENT OFFICE MACHINEFORAUTOMTIC" FORMING i AND' DELIVERY OF'ICE QREAM l h Richard Hirschson,Berlin-Pankow, Germany `Application May 20, 1936, serial No. 80,880 InGermany May 22, 14935 11 claims.

to deliver thelatter in the shape, for example,

of clean" cut wafer' sandwiches.

In accordance with the invention, for the purpose `oftaking--oflithemass of ice-cream, a knife is provided inclined to the surface of theicecream and a chamber is provided above the l knife for the purpose ofreceiving the ice cream fwhich has been taken-olf, the ice cream whichhas been takenoff being conveyed intothe chamber bythe knife,` and beingconveyed out of it by other members. With this arrange ment, the knifeslices off the mass of ice-cream with relatively little expenditure ofpower and i,

conveys it into theV chamber above the knife, whereby acontinuouscompact slice is-formed. Infthe drawings are depicted by way of exampleseveral embodiments of the invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through one form ofconstruction of the device. Figure 2 is a longitudinal section on theline IL--Ili of Figure 1.; the upper part of the device being brokenaway,

FigureZa being asimilarview of the' left sde of the upperpart. I

Figure 3 is ae horizontal sectionon the lline III-III of Figure 1. f

"55 `Flgure4 shows, on a larger scale, the lower part of the Wafermagazines, in the manner of depiction according to Figure 1.

Figure 5 shows alsoon a larger scale a section through the lower part ofa wafer magazine `on the line V--V of Figure 4.

Figure 6 shows a plate arranged in the ice cream container and` carryingthe knife, seen from below.` I

`Figure 7 is a vertical longitudinal section through the lower part of amodified device,

Figure 8 being a detail view thereof. h Figure 9 is a sectionalelevation of the lower part of a modified form of ice cream containeraccording to the invention.

Figure 10 is a plan viewcorresponding to Figure 9.

Referring to Figures 1 to 6,` the cylindrical ice-cream container or pot2 is mounted rotatably in a casing I This container can be driven by thedivided shaft 3, and in order to connect the two parts of the shaft 3together, the lower part is provided With a square member which engagesin a corresponding opening in the upper part of the shaft 3. Avertically displace` able circular plate 5 is arranged-in the container5 `Tand is connected by'means of pillars 6 (Figure 2) with an upper baseplate 1. The plate 5 rests, therefore, 'on the mass of" iceecream whichis in` the `container.2 with its own weightand with that of the devicewhich is mounted on it. 10

` A knife 8 is `rigidly mounted on theplate 5 and,

as maybeseen specially from Figure 6, in consequence of its shape and ofthe provision of lugs 9, exerts its action over the whole radius of thecontainer 2. 'Should narrower knives be em- 15' ployed, these could begiven a reciprocating movement in the direction of their cutting edge,

so that these narrowerknives would act over the entire 'surface `of themass of ice cream. A cavity Il)` is provided, above the knife, in theplate 5, 20 which cavity opens laterally into an adjoining chamber II,in which is situated the ice-cream mould I2. This mould is substantiallyof i U- shape, and is, therefore, open in the direction ofthe cavity IIIand is also open at its two ends 25 (front and back in Figure 1, leftand right in Figure2)`.` i l h A sliding member I3 (Figurell) isarranged between the cavity Il) and themould I2 and is controlled by alift-rod I4, to whichis attached the mould I2. 'I'he sliding member isactuated `by means of projections I5, I B provided on the rod I4, thesaid projections acting upon av twoarmed lever Il, in such a manner thatduring the latter part of the down-stroke of the rod I4, the lever ispivoted in a clockwise direction (Figu ure 1) and the sliding member I3is thereby opened. During the first part of the upstroke of the rod I4,on the other hand, the lever II is pivoted in an anti-clockwi`sedirection and the sliding member is thereby closed. The purpose of thesliding member is to prevent passage of ice-cream from the cavity Il)into the chamber II when the mould is not in the cavity II.

For the purpose of filling the mould, the container 2 is rotated inamanti-clockwise direction so that the knife B lifts a portion from thestock of ice cream and this is pushed into the cavity I0 and into themould I2 which is situated behind it. The mould, after it is filled, islfited by the rod I4, which is actuated by a connecting rod I8 and acrank arm I9, into the cavity 2| provided at thelcwer end of one of thewafer magazines 20. i As soon as the mould has reached this position,the lifting device is stopped. by 56 means of an automatic controldevice described hereinafter, and a wafer 23 is pushed out of themagazine 28a under the mould I2 by means of the sliding member 22(Figure 4). Following this. the ice-cream block 25, the wafer 23situated under the mould I2, and the lowest wafer 25 from the secondwafer magazine 28h are pushed out by the ejector 24 (Figure 5), so thatthe whole reaches a delivery table 21.

The driving and control device which effects the movements justdescribed is constituted as follows: the device is driven by means of ahand-crank 28 (Figure 2a) A toothed wheel 29 and a bevel wheel 3l arefreely mounted on the crank-shaft and have dog-clutch teeth with which aclutch sleeve 38 can selectively engage, the sleeve being free to moveaxially on the shaft while being unable to rotate thereon.

The control of the clutch sleeve is effected by means of a bush 33,provided inside with a curved groove 32, which bush is driven by meansof a toothed wheel 34 fixed on the crankshaft and the toothed wheel 35rigidly connected with the bush 33. l

. A pin 35 fixed to a bush 31 engages with the curved groove 32, thebush 31 being axially displaceable upon aboss of the bush 33 and theboss being rotatable in the bush 31. The bush 31 is connected with theclutch sleeve 38 by means of the arm 38.

Shortly after the beginning of rotation of the hand-crank 28, the curvedgroove 32 displaces the bush 31 and thereby the clutch sleeve 38 towardsthe left, so that the toothed wheel 29 is clutched to the crankshaft.The chosen ratio of the gears 34, 35 and the form of the cam groove 32causes the coupling sleeve 38, after four rotations of the crank, to bedisplaced to the right to disconnect the wheel 29 from the crank-shaft.While the wheel 29 is clutched to the crank-shaft, the rotation of thehand-crank 28 is transmitted to the pot 2 through the toothed wheel 39,the shaft 48, bevel wheels 4i and 42 and shaft 3, so that the knife 8which rests upon the mass of ice-cream in the pot 2, comes into action.

Upon the completion of the fourth rotation of the hand-crank, the clutchsleeve 38 comes into engagement with the bevel wheel 3i, so that thelatter is clutched with the hand-crank shaft and drives the crank I9 andthereby the lifting mechanism for the mould I2, by way of the bevelwheel 43, the shaft 44 (Figure 2), bevel Wheels I4.5, 45, shaft 41(Figure 1) and maltese wheels 48` and 49. "Ihe maltese drive effects thedue interruption of the drive as soon as the mould has entered thecavity2l (Figure 1).

With further rotation of the crank 28, a cam disc 52 is put intorotation by means of a maltese wheel 58 (Figure 3) fixed to the lowerend of the shaft 44 and a maltese wheel 5I working in conjunction withit. This cam disc 52 first moves the pusher 22 by means of the curvedgroove 53, so that the `pusher pushes the lowermost wafer 23 (Figure 4)of the magazine 28a under the mould. The curved groove 54 then moves theejector 24 to the right (Figures 3 and 5), so that the blockof icecreamis pushed out with a wafer at the top and the bottom of it; followingupon this, the pusher 22 and the ejector 24 are simultaneously drawnback by their appertaining curvedgroove. In the meantime, the maltesewheel '48 has moved on so much that the maltese wheel '48 and therewiththe crank I9 are again driven, so that the mould is again conducted downby the lifting mechanism. When this occurs, as mentioned above, thesliding member I3 opens on the last part of the downward movement.

Following this, at the conclusion of the fifth revolution of thehand-crank 28, the clutch sleeve 38 is again moved to the left, into theinitial position shown in Figure 2, by means of the curved groove 32,pin 36 and bush 31.

By means of the bell-crank lever 55 (Figure 2a), the bush 33 togetherwith the toothed wheel 35 can be moved to the left by hand, so that thetoothed wheel 35 is disengaged from the toothed wheel 34. The consequentmovement of the coupling sleeve 38 clutches the wheel 29 to thecrank-shaft, so that rotation of the hand-crank 28 can effect constantrotation of the pot 2 for the purpose of the manufacture of ice-cream,the control gear having been disabled so as to prevent interruption ofthe drive to the shaft 3. It naturally follows that with this, the baseplate 1 (Figure 1), together with the plate 5, are lifted to such anextent that the plate 5 comes out of the pot 2.

A lug 55 (Figure 2.a) is provided on the' casing I and can engage in adeepened space between teeth of the wheel 35, when the wheel 35 is inits original angular position. The nose serves for locking the toothedwheel 35 when it is withdrawn by hand by means of the bell-crank lever55, so that the toothed wheel, during disengage` ment, cannot leave itsinitial angular position, which is important for the correct timing ofthe control operations.

In the form of the invention shown in Figures f 7 and 8, the plate 5 isable to sink and rise independently of the gear, so that, therefore, thegear and with it the ejection of the ice-cream product remain in one andthe same position, independent of the position of the plate 5 in the pot2. Owing to the alteration of the position of the plate 5 in relation tothe gear, the stroke of the mould I2 is altered from its lower positionto its higher position in the cavity 2I (Figure 1) of the wafer-magazine28 which in Figure '1 is, for the sake of simplicity, not shown. Thisalteration of the stroke is rendered possible by means of the followingdevice.

The lifting rod I4a of the mould I2 is moved upwards and downwards bymeans of the lever 51. This lever 51 is moved by a crank drive of thetype, for example, of that described with relation to Figures 1 to 6. Asliding block 59 is displaceably mounted in a slot 58 of the lever 51,and carries a pin 58. This pin lies, during the upward movement of thelever 51 and, therefore, of the lifting rod I4a, at the upper limit of aslot 5I of the lifting rod. During the downward movement of the lever51, the pin 58 engages with a catch 52 which is held in its path bymeans of a pawl 53.

When the mould I2 connected to the lifting rod I4a, in the present casewith the interposition of a leaf-spring 54, reaches its lowest position,the nose 53a of the pawl 53 comes into the range of a stop 55. If thelifting rod I4a is moved further, which occurs with a compression of thespring 54, the pawl 53 is s wung out by the stop 55, so that the catch52, under the pressure of the pin 58 and under the action of its ownweight, can move away downwards.

Whenever the mould I2 reaches its lowermost position before the lever 51completes its strokeby reason of the different positions of the plateB-the lever 51 is automatically disengaged from the lifting rod `lla..

When the lever, 51`` is moved upwards' again, the pin68 at first movesidly in the slot 6I,`until it again meets the upper limit of the slotand consequently carries with it the `lifting rod Ida.

Shortlybefore this, the pin 68 encounters a downwardly directed lug 88of the catch 82 and thus swings the catchli! back into the positionshownin Figure 8, in which it is held by means of the i pawl 63 loaded by thespring 81.

The catch 62 is also underthe action of aspring 68 which tends toturnthis catch 62 in an anticlockwisedirection so that it does not swinginto the slot as long as it is free from the ,paWL

. nuts 18 are released.' These spatulas can be of i `which is freed bydirect `als operation of the machine.

iso

. shaft.

any desired suitable shape and serve to stir up the mass, e. g. ifowingto an increase of temperature of the pot 2,` the outer portions of themass at tained a soft consistency.`

, i The spatuns shown 11e onlyonthe` cuter wan,

but they can of course be arranged n earerto the centre `of the pot.

`'I'lieguiding columnsi vcan also take the form of spatlas if desired.`i `In the case of the device being constructed in the;` form of` a.colnoperated automatic machine,

`the coin can act upon la. locking device which ordinarily prevents therotation of the )crank 2,8 or indirect action of the coin.` Y i i f The`operating `device described `above would then be so constituted thatthe re-locking of the i mechanism would be caus d upon thev lastoperation.` M

`Should too great an increase of temperature in `the machine cause`melting of the stock of icecream, the machinecan be provided with alocking device controlled by a thermostat to prevent This locking devicecan act, forexample, directly upon the` crank- The `provision of suchadevice,l especially important in the case of the arrangementbeing`constructedas a coin-operated automatic mai chine.` V "Inthe modified`form of the invention shown in Figures Band 10,a" knife is arranged onthe under surface ofthe plate 5, which can be guided `eitherin themanner depicted in `Figure 1 or the manner depicted in Figure 7. 'Iheknife 15 is set `atan inclination to thevsurface of the ice-cream,

` the ice-cream can, by means of a piston 18, either be pressed into a.chamber 19 arranged behind the chamber 11 or be conveyed further in theform of a strip which can be subdivided into portions by means of acutting-olf device. `With the arrangement'of the chamber 19 as a mould,it can be brought to the place of delivery in the manner of the moulddesignated I2 in the case of the form of` construction according toFigure 1.

For the purpose of separating the chambers 11 i and 18 from one another,a slide 88, which is linked to a. lever 8l, is employed. The lever 8|Kis pivotally attached to a bearing block 82. The bearing block 82 isarranged upon a super-structure ot the plate 5. A spring 83 constantlyurges Spatulas 89 pass throughthe plate 5 and can be adjusted .asregards theirheight when the wing `stirring the ice cream.

the slide 88 yinto its lower position, in which the chambers 11 and 18`wouldbe separated from one another. During the movement of the piston18, the slide 88 `is prevented from downward movement by la controlsegment 8l. A roller `85 rotatably mounted onthe lever 8|' engagesorrthe control segment 84, whereby the lever 8l and with it the slide 88are held in the position shown in Figure 10 against the action of thespring 83. The control segment 84 cannot rotate about the shaft 3, butis displaceable with the plate 5 axially thereon. Tocthed segments 86and 81 are provided on the shaft 3, which toothed segmentsen gage with atoothed wheel 88 which constitutes a crank disc. A crank 89 is attachedto the toothed wheel 88 and engagesin a slot 88 of a lever 82, pivotedonan axis 9| Accordingly the lever 92 is pivoted once `backwards andforwards during one revolution o f the segments 88 or 81. `Sincethclever is connected with the piston 18 by means of a pin slot connection83, the piston 18 is likewise reciprocated and by means of this pushesthe mass of ice-cream which is inthe ante-chamber 11 into the chamber 19. `'Iahecontrol segment 8l is so arranged in relation to the toothedsegments 88 and 81 that the slide 88 is held in its inactive `positionshown in Figure 9 up to the endof the i pushing forward i movement ofthe lpiston 18.y It is only `after the termination of the conveyingmovement of the piston 18 that the slide 88 comes into the activeposition. The slide 88 can be in the form of a cutter `and subdivide thestrip.`

`I claim:

, 1. A machine for automatically moulding and delivering ice cream,comprising a container, means for rotating said container, anon-rotating plate adapted to rest on ice creamwitl'iin` said containerandcover substantially the whole of said ice cream, ,means pressingsaidplate upon 'the ice cream, a knife mounted on said plate and inclinedwith respect to the bottom surface thereof, a collecting chamberwithinsaid plate between the center and periphery thereof, said platehavinga passage leading `from the bottom surface to said collectingchamber and said knife forming part of the lower wall'of said passage.

2'. `The device" as claimed in claim 1y in which there isa pushingmember arranged on the plate for `rnovingthe icecream separated by theknife into the chamber.

`3. The deviceaccordin'g` to claim 1 wherein means passing through theplate is provided for 4; A machine according to claiml wherein amouldchamber containing the mould is arranged behind the chamber servingfor the collection of the ice cream which has been separated by theknife, and a piston for conveying the ice cream into said mould chamber.

5. A machine for automatically molding and delivering ice creamcomprising a container, a plate adapted to rest on the ice cream withinthe container, a knife mounted on said plate and inclined with respectto the bottom surface thereof, said plate having a .collecting chamberthere`- in and a passage leading from the bottom surface to saidcollecting chamber, a mold in said chamber, means for causing relativerotation between said container and said plate whereby the ice cream isseparated by said knife and moved into said mold, and means operablyresponsive to a predetermined relative movement between the plate andthe container for moving the mold out of said container.

6. A machine for automatically molding and delivering ice creamcomprising a container, a plate adapted to rest on the ice cream withinthe container, a knife mounted on said plate'and inclined with respectto the bottom surface thereof, said plate having a collecting chambertherein and a passage leading from the bottom surface to said collectingchamber, a mold in said chamber, means for causing relative rotationbetween said container and said plate whereby the ice cream is separatedby said knife and moved into said mold, a wafer magazine positionedabove said container, means for 4moving the mold out of the container toa position adjacent the magazine, and means for moving at least onewafer to a position along the molded ice cream.

7. A machine for automatically molding and delivering ice creamcomprising a container, a plate adapted to rest on the ice cream withinthe container, a knife mounted on said plate and inclined with respectto the bottom surface thereof, said plate having a collecting chambertherein and a passage leading from the` bottom surface t said collectingchamber, a mold in said chamber, means for causing relativerotationbetween said container and said plate whereby the ice cream is separatedby said knife and moved into said mold, a wafer magazine positionedabove said container and having an aperture therein, means for raisingthe mold out of the container to a position adjacent said aperture,means for moving at least one wafer from said magazine to a positionadjacent the molded ice cream, and means for adjusting the movement ofthe mold raising means so that the upper limits of the stroke willcorrespond to the position of the aperture in said magazine.

8. In a machine for automatically molding and delivering ice cream, acontainer, a plate adapted to rest on the ice cream within thecontainer, a knife mounted on said plate and inclined with respect tothe bottom surface thereof, said plate having a collecting chambertherein and a passage extending from the bottom surface thereof to thecollecting chamber, a mold positioned within the chamber, means forcausing relative rotational movement between said container and saidplate whereby the ice cream separated by the knife is moved into saidmold, means for moving the mold out of the chamber and a slidable memberassociated with said plate and movable in response to the initialmovement of said last mentioned means to cut the ice cream in saidpassage and close the collecting chamber,

9. In a machine for automatically molding and delivering ice cream, acontainer, a plate adapted to rest on the ice cream within thecontainer, a knife mounted on said plate and inclined with respect tothe bottom surface thereof, said plate having a collecting chambertherein and a passage extending from the bottom surface thereof to thecollecting chamber, a mold positioned within the chamber, means forcausing relative rotational movement between said container and saidplatewhereby the ice cream separated by the knife is moved into saidmold, said knife having a cavity between the lower edge thereof and theunder surface of said plate through which cavity surplus ice cream afterfilling the collecting chamber may escape.

10. `In a machine for automatically molding and delivering ice cream, acontainer, a plate adapted to rest on the ice cream within thecontainer, a knife mounted on said plate and inclined with respect tothe bottom surface thereof, said plate having a collecting chambertherein and a passage extending from the bottom surface thereof to thecollecting chamber, a mold positioned within the chamber, means forcausing relative rotational movement between said container and saidplate whereby the ice cream separated by the knife is moved intosaidmold, two wafer magazines positioned above the container and having adelivery aperture therein, means for raising the `mold to the level ofsaid aperture, means for moving a wafer from each magazine to positionsalong the molded ice cream, and manually operable means fordisconnecting the mold lifting means from the means for causing relativerotation between the plate and the container, and means associated withsaid manually operable means for assuring the proper timing whenconnection is again established.

11. In a machine for automatically molding and delivering ice cream, acontainer for receiving a supply of ice cream, means for rotating saidcontainer, a non-rotatable plate adapted to rest on the ice cream within`said container and cover substantially the whole of the ice cream,means for causing relative movement between the plate and the containerto press the plate on the ice cream, said plate being provided with acollecting chamber between the center and the periphery thereof andhaving an opening directed towards the ice cream to be received therein,a knife mounted adjacent the opening of the collecting chamber andinclined with respect to the plate, said knife detaching icecream andleading the detached cream into the chamber upon rotation of thecontainer.

RICHARD HIRSCHSON.

